Since the advent of the first solid-state pulsed ruby laser, the development of lasers has been very rapid, and lasers with various working materials and operating modes have continued to appear. Lasers are classified in various ways:
Narrow linewidth lasers are widely used as light sources and receivers in fiber optic communication systems. In terms of light sources, narrow linewidth lasers can provide high-quality and highly stable optical signals, which can reduce signal distortion and bit error rates. In terms of receivers, narrow linewidth lasers can provide high sensitivity and high-precision light detection, which can enhance the signal detection capabilities of the receiver. In addition, narrow linewidth lasers can be used for functions such as optical filtering and frequency conversion.
Single-frequency fiber lasers have a very narrow limit linewidth, and their spectral line shape is Lorentz type, which is significantly different from single-frequency semiconductors. The reason is that single-frequency fiber lasers have longer laser resonant cavities and longer photon lifetimes in the cavity. This means that single-frequency fiber lasers have lower phase noise and frequency noise than single-frequency semiconductor lasers.
Generally speaking, when people talk about infrared light sources, they are referring to light with vacuum wavelengths greater than ~700–800 nm (the upper limit of the visible wavelength range).
laser distance measurng uses a laser as a light source for ranging. According to the way the laser works, it is divided into continuous optical devices and pulse lasers. Ammonia, gas ions, atmosphere temperature and other gas detectors work in a continuous forward state, used for phase laser ranging, dual heterogeneous semiconductor lasers, used for infrared ranging, ruby, gold glass and solid-state lasers , used for pulsed laser ranging.
Optical fiber amplifier refers to a new type of all-optical amplifier used in optical fiber communication lines to achieve signal amplification. Among the currently practical fiber amplifiers, there are mainly erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA), semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) and fiber Raman amplifiers (FRA). Among them, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers are now widely used in long-distance applications due to their superior performance. It is used as power amplifier, relay amplifier and preamplifier in the fields of long-distance, large-capacity and high-speed optical fiber communication systems, access networks, optical fiber CATV networks, systems (radar multi-channel data multiplexing, data transmission, guidance, etc.).
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