According to the direction of scattered light propagation, currently common distributed fiber optic sensing technologies are divided into two categories: backscattering distributed fiber optic sensing technology and interference distributed fiber optic sensing technology.
Directly generating visible light from compact all-fiber lasers while maintaining high output characteristics has always been a research topic in laser technology. Here, Ji et al. proposed a method to develop dual-wavelength lasers using the excitation mechanism in holmium-doped ZBLAN fluoride glass fibers, and experimentally achieved high output performance of all-fiber lasers, especially operating in the deep red band under 640 nm pumping. Notably, a maximum continuous wave output power of 271 mW was achieved at 750 nm with a slope efficiency of 45.1%, which is the highest direct output power recorded in all-fiber lasers with a core diameter of less than 10 μm in the deep red band.
A laser diode chip is a semiconductor-based laser that consists of a P-N structure and is powered by current. The laser diode package is a complete device that is assembled and packaged together in a sealed package housing to form a semiconductor laser chip that emits coherent light, a monitoring photodiode chip for feedback control of power output, a temperature sensor chip for temperature monitoring, or an optical lens for laser collimation.
The polarization characteristics of light are a description of the vibration direction of the electric field vector of light. There are five polarization states in total: completely unpolarized light, partially polarized light, linearly polarized light, elliptically polarized light, and circularly polarized light
A pump laser is a laser used to provide an excitation light source for a fiber laser or fiber amplifier. The emission wavelength of a 980nm pump laser is approximately 980 nanometers (nm).
ASE broadband light generated by erbium-doped fiber is amplified spontaneous emission light generated by short-wavelength laser pumping erbium-doped fiber. As shown in the following diagram, the pumped rare earth ions transition between upper and lower energy levels to generate spontaneous emission light, which is amplified in the stimulated emission process. This process is repeated continuously, and even a fairly high output power can be achieved under sufficient pumping conditions. (ASE=Amplified Spontaneous Emission, amplified spontaneous emission light)
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