In communications, Four Wave Mixing (FWM) is a coupling effect between light waves caused by the third-order polarization real part of the fiber medium. It is caused by the interaction of two or three light waves of different wavelengths at other wavelengths. The production of so-called mixing products, or new light waves in the sidebands, is a parametric nonlinear process. The reason for the four-wave mixing is that the light at a certain wavelength of the incident light will change the refractive index of the optical fiber, and the phase of the light wave will be changed at different frequencies, resulting in a new wavelength.
effect: 1) Participate in the spectral broadening of the fiber amplifier. 2) Optical parametric amplifier (OPA) and optical parametric oscillator (OPO) that can be used for optical fiber. 3) It is usually harmful in optical fiber communication. 4) Usually appear in coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy. 5) Applied in technologies such as phase conjugation, holographic imaging and optical image processing.
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